Combined PhD Program with Anatomic Pathology Residency

Residents at Multi-Headed Microscope

The training program in Applied Anatomic Pathology is aimed at American College of Veterinary Pathologists board qualification. It is based in the Pathology Section of the Colorado State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory. This laboratory occupies the north end of the Colorado State University Veterinary Teaching Hospital (VTH) and provides diagnostic service for regional veterinarians, the public, and the VTH. The laboratory is accredited by the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians and offers services in bacteriology, chemistry/toxicology, endocrinology, parasitology, pathology and virology. The Diagnostic Laboratory is an outreach unit of the Microbiology, Immunology & Pathology Department. A full-time coordinator serves Necropsy Laboratory activities.

Eight veterinary pathologists, all ACVP diplomates, conduct and supervise pathology section activities. Residency activities are focused on VTH necropsy and surgical pathology cases. Last year there were approximately 900 VTH necropsy cases and 1800 VTH surgical pathology cases. Other case material is easily accessible in the Diagnostic Laboratory setting and includes approximately 800 necropsies and 30,000 surgical pathology cases from outside sources. The Pathology Section of the Diagnostic Laboratory has a case load that includes the common domestic companion and livestock species as well as exotic and wildlife species.

In addition to training based on direct responsibility for necropsy and surgical pathology cases, trainees participate in Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Pathology seminars and conferences. Weekly research and microscopy seminars occur during the fall and spring semesters. A Friday Anatomic Pathology Conference is held weekly throughout the year to serve the needs of pathologists and pathology trainees engaged in diagnostic pathology. It is conducted in the necropsy laboratory area and is presented by the pathology trainee on duty for the week. Cases are presented as preserved tissues or in situ abnormalities captured by video. Video microscopy is also available for discussion of cases. The weekly microscopy seminar is attended by most of the Pathology Department faculty pathologists. Both anatomic and clinical pathology cases are presented and interpreted by pathology trainees in preparation for the ACVP board examination. This seminar serves as a vehicle for bringing together laboratory and applied pathologists for discussion of case material.

Responsibilities of the trainee in necropsy laboratory include learning and refining necropsy techniques, seeking and describing macroscopic alterations, tissue sampling and preparation for further study, interpretation of histopathologic alterations and preparation of the necropsy report. Integration of supporting laboratory data is necessary. The surgical pathology activities include receiving and preparing samples for processing, description and interpretation of histologic alterations, and preparation of a surgical pathology report. These activities are performed under the supervision of a faculty pathologist assigned to that duty. Surgical pathology slides are read by the anatomic pathology trainees and faculty pathologists in a microscopy facility shared with the Clinical Pathology Service. This promotes immediate communication between those interpreting cytology specimens and histologic specimens. The central location of the microscopy room in the VTH also serves to promote direct contact between clinicians and pathologists on a frequent basis.

The Pathology Section of the Diagnostic Laboratory is also the unit that provides training for veterinary students. Six to nine veterinary students per week are assigned to the necropsy laboratory as part of the Postmortem Investigation Practicum course. This is a core 2 week rotation. In this course students learn necropsy technique, description, interpretation and tissue sampling strategies for utilizing diagnostic laboratory resources. The pathology trainee participates along with the supervising faculty pathologist in teaching this group of students. At times during the fall and spring semesters third year veterinary students also have necropsy laboratory assignments in order to begin learning necropsy technique. Pathology trainees also have the opportunity to participate in pathology laboratories for second year veterinary students. If desired by the trainee and if there is an opportunity, pathology trainees may also take responsibility for didactic lectures in the veterinary curriculum.

Pathology trainees frequently have opportunities to prepare publications in collaboration with diagnostic laboratory and VTH staff and faculty. Such activity provides valuable experience in critical writing and interpretation as well as participation in a collaborative effort.

The Necropsy Laboratory is fully equipped for investigation of animal diseases. Facilities are available for biocontainment of zoonotic or other hazards. Multiple desktop computers are available for access to diagnostic laboratory findings and reports, literature searching capability and access to pathology images via local laser disk equipment and via the Internet. Additional equipment for use by trainees includes digital photography, digital video recording and editing capability, black and white and color printers, digital scanning, and high resolution video microscopy. A variety of image manipulation software is also available.

Research component: Graduate research training utilizes modern scientific methodology and encourages independent thought with an emphasis on experimental design, data interpretation, and development of written and oral communication skills. Research opportunities include, but are not limited to, the study of bacterial and viral pathogenesis, mycobacterial diseases, arthropod-borne infectious disease, retrovirus pathogenesis/therapy, transmissible spongiform encephalopathies, immunoparasitology, malarial molecular biology and immunology, vector biology, inherited metabolic disease, and diseases induced by environmental toxins. Students will begin investigations of prospective laboratories in which to conduct their research beginning in year 1. Years 2-3 are structured to provide time for increasing research activities and coursework required for culmination of the graduate degree. Graduate work towards a PhD typically continues after year 03 after which time stipends are funded by mentor laboratories, independent funding obtained during years 2-3, or via a departmental T32 post-DVM PhD training grant (http://www.cvmbs.colostate.edu/mip/graduate/postdvm.aspx).

 

Application procedures are outlined at http://www.cvmbs.colostate.edu/mip/residency/apcpres.aspx.