Drug Protocols

General Reference List for Pain Recognition

and Management

Ethics of Pain Control

Hellyer, P. W. 2002. Ethical considerations in the treatment of pain. Veterinary Forum 19:38-41.

Rollin, B. E. 1997. Pain and ideology in human and veterinary medicine. Seminars in Veterinary Medicine and Surgery (Small Animal) 12:56-60.

Overview of Pain

Animal Welfare Forum: Pain Management. 2002. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 221:201-237

Benson, G. J., and J. C. Thurmon. 1987. Species difference as a consideration in alleviation of animal pain and distress. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 191:1227-1300.

Lascelles, B. D. X. 2000. Preemptive analgesia: an aid to postoperative pain control. The Journal of Pain 1:93-95.

McMillan, F. D. 1998. Comfort as the primary goal in veterinary medical practice. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 212:1370-1374.

McMillan, F. D. 2003. A world of hurts – is pain special? Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 223:183-186.

Nolen, R. S. 2001. The problem with pain: pain management. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 219:288-289.

Shafford, H. L., B. D. X. Lascelles, and P. W. Hellyer. 2001. Preemptive analgesia: managing pain before it begins. Veterinary Medicine 96:478-491.

Pain Recognition

Anil, S. S., L. Anil, and J. Deen. 2002. Challenges of pain assessment in domestic animals. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 2210:313-319.

Barnett, J. L. 1997. Measuring pain in animals. Australian Veterinary Journal 75:878-879.

Hellyer, P. W. 2002. Objective, categoric methods for assessing pain and analgesia. In: Handbook of Veterinary Pain Management . Gaynor, J. S., and W. W. Muir, eds. St. Louis , Missouri : Mosby. pp. 82-107.

Livingston , A. Neurologic confirmation of the clinical signs of effective control or prevention of animal pain.

Sanford, J., R. Ewbank, V. Molony, W. D. Tavernor, and O. Uvarov. 1986. Guidelines for the recognition and assessment of pain in animals. The Veterinary Record 118:334-338.